Theory question bank update 2016 | Part 3

1. Discuss the special health problems of Adolescents (98/1)25
2. Etiological factors in Juvenile Delinquency (98/2)15
3. Role of health education to Adolescents (98/2)10
4. Adolescent Violence (03/1)15
5. Health problems of adolescents (03/2)15
6. Health education of adolescent girls 15
7. What are the common problems in Adolescence (05)5
8. What are the common problems in adolescence (05)5
9. Factors affecting Adolescent health and development (06)10
10. Juvenile Delinquency (02/1)15, Rpt(06/1)5
11. Problems of adolescence (07/2)10
12. Discuss briefly Adolescent Health Problems (07/2)10


1. Laboratory investigation of a child suspected to have T-cell immunity Disorder (92)15
2. Prenatal Diagnosis of Primary Immunodeficiency diseases (94/2)10
3. Indications for various organ and tissue transplants in Pediatric practice and common considerations in selection of donors (95/2)10
4. Graft versus host disease (99/1)15
5. Approach to a child with suspected immune dysfunction (06/1)10
6. numerate functions of the Phagocytes and briefly describe defects of their functions. (09/1)4+6
7. Enlist the humoral immunodeficiency disorders. Outline the diagnostic approach and treatment. (10/1)4+6
8. Outline the characteristic features of primary immunodeficiency. Write in detail about pathogenesis and clinical features of chronic granulomatous disease. (11/1)4+3+3
9. Enumerate the methods of harvesting/ storing stem cells. Outline the indications of stem cell therapy. Discuss in brief the patient preparation required for stem cell therapy. Enlist important potential complications of stem cell therapy. (11/1)2+3+3+2
10. Discuss various components of primary immune deficiency, their clinical characteristics and investigations of a suspected predominant B-cell defect. (13/2)2+3+5
11. Discuss pathogenesis of Graft Versus Host Diseases (GVHD) Discuss clinical manifestations, staging and grading and management of acute GVHD. (13/2)2+3+2+3
12. Discuss the indications for stem cell transplantation therapy in children. What is its rationale and sources for stem cells. (13/2) 5+3+2
13. Stem cell therapy (14/2)5
14.
A) Components of immune system
B) Difference between innate and acquired immunity.
C) Role of T and B lymphocytes and the killer cells (15/1) 4+3+3
15. What is the pathogenesis of graft vs host disease? What are its clinical manifestations? What measures can be taken to prevent it in case of stem cell transplantation? 4+3+3(15/2)
13. Wiscott-Aldrich Syndrome 3(Apr 16)
14. Graft vs Host Disease 4(Apr 16)
15. Immunological features associated with cow milk allergy 15


1. Pathogenesis and management of anaphylaxis (97/1)15
2. Mechanism, manifestations and management of anaphylaxis (92)15
3. Allergic Rhinitis (07/1)5
4. Enumerate the chemical mediators of allergic reactions and describe the important actions of histamine. (08/1)10
5. Clinical features, differential diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis in infants. (10/1)3+3+4
6. What is atopic dermatitis? Describe the clinical features and differential diagnosis of atopic dermatitis. (11/2)2+5+3
7. What is atopic dermatitis? Describe clinical features, differential
diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis. (12/1)1+3+3+3
8. What are the types of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) in children? Discuss in
detail the clinical features of AD. Describe the differential diagnoses in a case of suspected AD. (13/2) 2+4+4


KAWASAKI DISEASE

1. Kawasaki Syndrome (00/1)15
2. Phases and complications of Kawasaki’s disease (06)10
3. Discuss the presentation, diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki Disease. What is the management strategy? What are the complications?
(08/1)10
4. Discuss the pathogenesis, differential diagnosis and echocardiography findings in Kawasaki Disease (KD). How is the classical KD different from Atypical KD? (09/1)6+4
5. Describe clinical manifestations of classical and atypical Kawasaki disease. Provide algorithmic approach to a suspected case of Kawasaki disease. Enumerate various treatment modalities. (11/1)4+4+2
6. Write short notes on:Diagnostic criteria for Kawasaki Disease.(13/2) 5
7. Algorithmic approach to a suspected case of Kawasaki disease. Enumerate its complications and outline the management.5+(2+3)(15/2)

JRA

1. Classification and features of JRA (96/2)14
2. What are the clinical manifestations of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Discuss the differential diagnosis and management. (04/2)3+3+4
3. Write the current classification used in JRA. Outline the management plan for JRA (06)10
4. Tabulate differentiating features of various types of juvenile
Rheumatoid arthritis. (08/1)10
5. Tabulate the classification of Juvenile Idiopathic arthritis and state principles of its treatment. (10/2)4+6
6. Outline the diagnostic criteria of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Tabulate the differentiating features of various types of JRA. Outline a scheme of investigation for a child with suspected JRA.(11/1)3+4+3
7. Tabulate the differentiating clinical features and the diagnostic approach of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). Outline the principles of management of polyarticular JIA. (12/1)4+3+3
8. Define Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). Outline the classification of JIA. Discuss the mimickers of rheumatic diseases in children. (13/1)2+4+4
9. A six year old boy presents with painful swelling of his right knee. Enumerate the likely causes. Define Juvenile Idiopathic arthritis and discuss its management. (14/1)2+2+6
10.
A)disease modifying agents used for JIA
B)Biological anti-TNF agents for JIA (14/2) 5+5
11.
a) ILAR classification of juvenile idiopathic arthritis 4
b) clinical features of systemic onset disease and give the differential diagnosis thereof (15/1) 4+2
12. Macrophage activation syndrome 5(1/16)

H S PURPURA

1. Discuss briefly clinical presentation and management of H S Purpura (07/1) 10
2. Describe the diagnostic approach and management of a six year old child presenting with purpuric rash and pedal edema following an episode of acute diarrhoea. (11/2)4+6

MISCELLANEOUS

1. Classify vasculitis based on size of involved vessels and give examples of each category. Describe etiology, clinical features and management of Takayasu’s arteritis. (09/2)5+5


PUO

1. Discuss definition,etiology & approach to investigation of PUO (07/1)10
2. Outline the approach to management of a 2 month old infant having fever without focus. (09/1)10
3. Enumerate the common causes of pyrexia of unknown origin in a 5 year old child. Discuss diagnostic approach to fever with rash. (11/2)4+6

HIV

1. Prevention of HIV infection during childhood (02/1)15
2. HIV and Pediatrics (98/2)10
3. Post exposure HIV prophylaxis (03/2)15
4. An HIV positive mother has been admitted in labour. What will you do to prevent transmission of infection to the baby (05)10
5. Factors involved in perinatal transmission of HIV infection and the various preventive measures (06)10
6. Prevention of Childhood AIDS (07/2)10
7. Clinical Presentations requiring screening for HIV (07/1)5
8. HIV and TB (07/1)5
9. Outline clinical and immunological criteria for starting anti-retroviral treatment (ART) in a HIV infected child. How will you monitor a child initiated on ART? (09/2)6+4
10. Enlist the common opportunistic infections in HIV infected children. Describe the clinical features, diagnosis and management of herpes simplex infection in HIV infected children (11/2)3+2+2+3
11. Enumerate opportunistic infections in HIV infected children. How will you treat and prevent pneumocystis jiroveci infection. (12/1)5+3+2
12. Briefly discuss the pulmonary disorders seen in children with HIV/AIDS. (13/1)10
13. Discuss the key issues in the management of an HIV exposed infant. (13/2)10

TUBERCULOSIS

1. Failure in control of Tuberculosis (93/1)15
2. Prevention and early detection of TB (96/2)15
3. Short course chemotherapy for TB (98/2)10
4. DOTS chemotherapeutic management of Tuberculosis in National TB Control Programme (00/1)15
5. Diagnosis and management of a child with resistant TB (02/1)15
6. CNS changes in Tubercular meningitis(Pathological only) 15
7. Discuss the pathogenesis, clinical symptomatology and diagnosis of NeuroTB (06)10
8. How do you perform and interpret Mantoux Test. Enumerate 3 conditions each in which you can get a false positive and a false negative result. (06)10
9. Newer diagnostic modalities for TB (06)10
10. DOTS regimen and the problems involved in the implementation in childhood TB (06)10
11. What were the problems encountered in NTCP. Write the goals, strategies and essential components of RNTPC. Also discuss in brief categorization of patients and treatment protocols under RNTCP (06)10
12.
a) Describe the category based treatment in childhood TB (09/2)3
b) Describe the pros and cons of intermittent therapy for tuberculosis (09/2)3
c) What are the components of DOTS strategy as defined by WHO? (09/2) 4
13. Describe clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of Neurotuberculosis. (11/2 3+4+3
14. Describe the flow chart for diagnosis of childhood tuberculosis under RNTCP. Write briefly on DOT PLUS program. (12/1)6+4
15. Discuss the recent guidelines for diagnosis and management of childhood tuberculosis. (13/1)10
16. Describe aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis and management of different types of neurotuberculosis. (13/2) 3+4+3
17. Clinical presentation, investigations and treatment of multidrug resistant TB. (14/2) 3+2+5
18.
A) Define DOTS, DOTS agents and DOTS plus. 3
b) List at least 4 important components Of DOTS 2
C) Give the categorization of treatment strategy in DOTS (15/1)5
19. MDR and XDR tuberculosis treatment strategies. 3+3 (1/16)

ENTERIC FEVER

1. Treatment of typhoid fever (93/1)10
2. Nontyphoidal salmonellosis (95/2)15
3. Management of typhoid fever (95/2)15
4. Interpretation of Widal test in immunized children (98/2)10
5. Define multidrug resistant (MDR) salmonella typhi (MDR – ST) and nalidixic acid resistant salmonella typhi (NARST). Discuss the mechanism of development of drug resistance for salmonella typhi.(08/1)10

DENGUE FEVER

1. Discuss the management of Dengue Shock Syndrome (97/1)10
2. Pathogenesis of bleeding and shock in Dengue fever (98/2)10
3. Dengue Fever (03/2)15
4. Define DHF and DSS and outline the treatment of DSS (05)10
5. Diagnosis and management of DHF and DSS (06/1)10
6. Outline the WHO criteria for diagnosis of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Draw an algorithm for volume replacement for a child with DHF and > 20% increase in hematocrit. (09/1)(3+7)
7. Define DHF and DSS. How does DHF differ from dengue fever with hemorrhage? Describe treatment of DSS. (09/2) 2+2+1+5
8. Classify severity of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Write in brief the management of dengue shock syndrome. (11/1)4+6
9. What are the fluid, metabolic and biochemical changes in a child with severe dengue? Discuss the underlying pathophysiology. (13/1)10
10. Define severe dengue and describe the WHO guidelines for its management. Enumerate the indications for transfusion in dengue. (14/1)2+6+2
11. Define severe dengue . Describe the WHO guidelines for its management. Enumerate complications of Severe Dengue 2+4+4(Apr16)
E COLI
1. Discuss the pathogenesis of E. coli diarrhea (94/2)15
2. Classification of E coli and pathogenesis of Invasive Diarrhoea (95/1)15

POLIO AND AFP

1. Pulse Polio Immunization (96/1)15
2. AFP Surveillance (99/2)15
3. Approach to a child with AFP and components of AFP surveillance (00/1)15
4. Pulse Polio programme (02/1)(98/1)15
5. AFP- Definition, Differential Diagnosis in details, how help in polio eradication (03/2)25
6. Discuss the differential diagnosis and management of acute flaccid paralysis in a 2 year old child. (04/2)5+5
7. What is AFP? Discuss the differential diagnosis and management of a child with AFP. Discuss AFP surveillance (05)2+3+2+3
8. Define criteria for declaring a country Polio free. What is the present status of wild polio virus transmission and strategies being used for its control in India? Elaborate on AFP surveillance (06)5+5
9. Define AFP. Enlist the causes and investigations of a case of AFP (06)10
10. What is acute flaccid paralysis? Describe the differential diagnosis and management of a child with flaccid paralysis. Describe AFP surveillance. (09/2)2+2+4+2
11.
a) define polio eradication 1
b) polio eradication in india. 2
c) immunisation issues following polio eradication. 3(15/1)

MALARIA

1. Define drug resistant malaria, what are the different types of drug resistance as per WHO criteria. Discuss the various management strategies of Drug resistant Malaria 25
2. Management of Cerebral Malaria 15
3. Malaria prophylaxis (94/2)15
4. Drug resistant Malaria (03/1)15
5. What are management guidelines of malaria under the national programme. How will you manage a case of cerebral malaria. (04/2)4+6
6. Enumerate manifestations of Severe Malaria and their management (06/2)10
7. A 4 year old girl presents with history of fever for 2 days associated with severe anemia, black colored urine and splenomegaly. Discuss the management of this patient. (08/2)10
8. Describe clinical manifestations of cerebral malaria. Enlist the differential diagnosis and investigations required. Write management of a case of cerebral malaria in high endemic area. (09/1)(2+3+5)
9. Define complicated malaria. Describe the management strategies of complicated malaria. (09/2)3+7
10. Provide algorithms for case-detection and treatment for a child with fever, suspected to have malaria, as per National Vector Borne Disease Control Program: (10/2)5+5
a) In an area where microscopy results are available within 24 hours; and
b) In an area where microscopy results are not available within 24 hours
9. Write short notes on: Laboratory diagnosis of malaria (11/2)5
10. List the WHO criteria to diagnose severe malaria. Discuss the mangement of a child with cerebral malaria. (13/1)4+6
11. Newer antimalarial drugs (15/1) 4

HEPATITIS B

1. Viral markers of Hepatitis B 15
2. Immunological markers of Hepatitis B 15
3. Hepatitis B infection in children (03/1)15
4. A 3 year old child is brought with a history of jaundice since 2 months. She gives a history of blood transfusion at 18 months of age. Her HBsAg is positive. Discuss briefly other viral markers of HepB infection which will help in monitoring and treatment of child. Discuss the management of fulminant hepatic failure. Add a note on Liver Transplantation. (06)10
5. Discuss the modes of transmission of hepatotrophic viral infections. Outline the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B infection in children. (13/1) 2+3+3+2
6.
A)Serological course of Hepatitis B 4
b)Treatment strategies for acute and chronic hepatitis 3+3 (15/2)

MEASLES

1. Diagnosis and treatment of SSPE (95/2)10

PLAGUE

1. Management of Plague (95/2)10
GROUP A STREPTOCOCCUS
1. Management of acute Rheumatic Fever (93/2)10

CYSTICERCOSIS

1. Current management of Neurocysticercosis (92)15

MENINGOCOCCUS

1. Discuss prevention and prophylaxis against meningococcal infection (05)5+5
2. Prophylaxis of Meningococcemia (06/1)10
SYPHILIS
1. Radiological features and confirmatory laboratory tests for congenital syphilis (07/1)10

PERTUSSIS

1. Discuss the etiology, pathogenesis and prevention of pertussis in chidren. Write the differences in efficacy , duration of protection and adverse events between whole cell and acellular pertussis vaccine 6+4(1/14)

JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS

1. Epidemology ,clinical features ,prognosis and prevention of Japanese Encephalitis (15/1) 2+3+2+3
SWINE FLU
1. Comment on clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of Swine flu in children. (09/2)2+3+5
2.
A) Virology and epidemiology of Swine Flu 1+2
b) How is the disease categorized according to the government of India guidelines? 3
c) Mention which children need to be immunized and who need to be given medication for the disease 2+2(Apr 16)

MISCELLANEOUS

1. Laboratory diagnosis of Viral diseases
2. Brain CT findings in a case of Congenital toxoplasmosis and cysticercosis (94)15
3. Nosocomial Infections (06)10
4. A seven year old girl is admitted with pain and swelling of right knee and left ankle joint of two weeks duration. Enumerate the likely causes. Discuss the differential diagnosis highlighting important pointers in history, examination and investigations.
5. Describe the etiology, mode of transmission, clinical features and management of viral hemorrhagic fever in children. (12/1)2+2+3+3
6. Roseola infantum 3(15/2)